# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of the following materials:

– **Wood Pulp**: A natural, biodegradable material that provides excellent absorbency.
– **Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)**: Synthetic materials that can absorb many times their weight in liquid, enhancing the pad’s capacity.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It needs to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying. Common materials include:

– **Nonwoven Fabrics**: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, these fabrics are soft and allow for quick liquid penetration.
– **Perforated Films**: These provide a smooth surface and help in quick absorption.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer that prevents leakage. It is usually made from:

– **Polyethylene Films**: These are waterproof and provide a barrier against leaks.
– **Breathable Films**: These allow air to pass through, reducing the risk of skin irritation.

## 4. Adhesives

Adhesives are used to keep the pad in place. They are typically made from:

– **Hot Melt Adhesives**: These are applied in a molten state and solidify upon cooling, providing a strong bond.
– **Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives**: These adhere to surfaces upon application of light pressure.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before use. It is usually made from:

– **Silicone-Coated Paper**: This allows for easy removal without leaving residue.

## Properties of Raw Materials

Each raw material used in sanitary pads has specific properties that contribute to the overall functionality and comfort of the product:

– **Absorbency**: The ability to absorb and retain liquid is crucial for the absorbent core.
– **Softness**: The top sheet must be soft to prevent skin irritation.
– **Breathability**: The back sheet should allow air to pass through to maintain skin health.
– **Adhesion**: Adhesives must provide a secure fit without causing discomfort.
– **Ease of Removal**: Release paper should be easy to remove without damaging the pad.

Understanding the composition and properties of these raw materials helps in making informed choices about the sanitary pads we use, ensuring both comfort and effectiveness.

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